Iran Under Sayyed Khamenei: From Siege to Strategic Power

By Janna Kadri

Source: Al Mayadeen English

Iran's Khamenei era transformed the country from a postwar, import-dependent state into a sanctions-resistant regional power with major advances in missiles, drones, space technology, nuclear infrastructure, and selected scientific sectors.

When Sayyed Ali Khamenei assumed leadership of the Islamic Republic on June 4, 1989, Iran was emerging from eight years of devastating war, severe economic pressure, and an international environment designed to contain its rise. Yet under his auspices, the country turned sanctions and isolation into a drive for self-reliance, building a powerful indigenous defense industry, expanding its missile and drone capabilities, advancing its nuclear and space programs, and investing in scientific fields such as nanotechnology, biotechnology, and knowledge-based industries. By the end of his era in 2026, Iran had transformed from a postwar state under siege into a regional power whose military, scientific, and technological achievements became central to its sovereignty and deterrence.

The Khamenei era reached its final chapter amid a US-Israeli war on Iran, with his assassination turning the closing moment of his leadership into another symbol of the confrontation that had defined much of the Islamic Republic’s struggle for sovereignty. His martyrdom closed a 37-year chapter shaped by sanctions, wars, and repeated threats, but also by a state project that placed national independence, scientific progress, and strategic deterrence at the center of Iran’s rise.

The Doctrine of Strategic Self-Reliance

The defining feature of the Khamenei era was strategic self-reliance. Faced with sanctions, embargoes, military threats, and repeated attempts to isolate the Islamic Republic, Iran turned pressure into policy. Rather than allowing restrictions to halt its development, Tehran treated them as an incentive to build domestic capacity, reduce dependence on foreign suppliers, and protect its sovereignty through indigenous power.

Over time, this produced a distinct Iranian model of development: one built not on dependence on Western systems, but on selective strength in fields where national security, political will, scientific ambition, and sanctions resistance converged. Missiles, drones, underground infrastructure, nuclear technology, space launch, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and advanced research institutes became the pillars of this model.

Missile Power as the Backbone of Deterrence

Iran’s missile program became the clearest expression of this transformation. In the early years of Sayyed Khamenei’s leadership, Tehran was still rebuilding its postwar defense base and relied on imported or foreign-derived systems, including Scud- and Nodong-related technology. But over the following decades, Iran transformed that foundation into an increasingly indigenous missile industry built around range, mobility, precision, survivability, and deterrence.

The Shahab-3, which entered service around 2003, became the foundational strategic missile of the period. As a road-mobile, liquid-fueled medium-range ballistic missile, it gave Iran the ability to hold targets as far away as occupied Palestine at risk, fundamentally altering the regional balance and strengthening the Islamic Republic’s deterrent posture. The Shahab line later gave way to improved derivatives such as Qadr and Emad, which reflected Tehran’s effort to increase range, refine guidance, and improve the accuracy of its long-range strike capabilities.

More consequential, however, was Iran’s shift toward solid-fuel systems. The Fateh-110, a road-mobile, single-stage solid-fuel missile, opened the door to a family of quicker-launch and more flexible precision weapons. Later descendants expanded that family’s reach and battlefield value: Fateh-313 extended the range to around 500 kilometers, Zolfaghar pushed it to around 700 kilometers, Dezful reached around 1,000 kilometers, and Raad-500 introduced a lighter composite engine design while preserving mobility and accuracy. Together, these systems showed Iran’s ability to move from inherited missile technology toward a more independent, scalable, and survivable missile force.

The Sejjil program marked another major step in Iran’s indigenous missile development. As a two-stage solid-fuel medium-range ballistic missile, Sejjil represented a move beyond liquid-fueled systems toward missiles better suited for rapid launch, concealment, and survivability. In strategic terms, solid-fuel technology strengthened Iran’s ability to respond under pressure, reducing preparation time and making its missile force harder to neutralize in a first strike.

Iran also diversified its arsenal through heavier and longer-range systems. Khorramshahr and its later Khorramshahr-4/Kheibar variant gave Tehran a missile with a range of around 2,000 kilometers and a heavy warhead, strengthening its ability to threaten fortified and strategic targets. Haj Qassem, unveiled in 2020 and named after Martyr General Qassem Soleimani, added another solid-fuel medium-range option with a stated range of around 1,400 kilometers, linking Iran’s missile development directly to its doctrine of retaliation after the US assassination of Soleimani.

Kheibar Shekan, unveiled in 2022, further reflected the maturity of Iran’s missile industry. Iranian reporting described it as a third-generation solid-fuel missile with a range of around 1,450 kilometers, a lighter structure, shorter launch-preparation time, high accuracy, and a maneuverable warhead designed to bypass missile-defense systems. Its significance lay not only in range, but in the combination of mobility, speed of deployment, and survivability.

Fattah, unveiled in 2023, carried major political and strategic significance as Iran’s first domestically developed hypersonic missile. Iranian officials presented it as a breakthrough in the country’s deterrence doctrine, with a claimed range of 1,400 kilometers, speeds of Mach 13 to Mach 15, high maneuverability, and the ability to bypass advanced missile-defense systems. For Tehran, Fattah was not merely another missile; it was a declaration that Iran’s defense industry had entered a new stage, one capable of challenging the air-defense architecture built by the United States and the Zionist entity in the region.

From Capability to Combat Use

Iran’s operational use of missiles gave these programs real strategic weight, moving them from deterrent symbols into tools of retaliation, counter-terrorism, and regional power projection. Tehran used ballistic missiles against ISIS/Daesh command, logistics, and gathering sites in eastern Syria in 2017 and 2018, against Iranian Kurdish opposition targets in Iraq, and most notably against Ain al-Asad and Erbil in January 2020 after the US assassination of General Qassem Soleimani. The Ain al-Asad strike marked the first direct Iranian missile attack on positions hosting US forces and demonstrated a level of precision that showed Iran’s missile program had moved beyond symbolic deterrence into credible operational capability.

The missile force became even more central in 2024, when Iran launched direct strikes on “Israel” in April and again in October. The April operation, carried out after the Israeli attack on Iran’s consular premises in Damascus, involved hundreds of drones and missiles and showed Iran’s ability to coordinate long-range strike systems at scale. The October operation, involving roughly 180 ballistic missiles, further underlined that Iran had developed the capacity to impose costs even against layered air-defense systems backed by the United States and its allies.

By 2025, US intelligence assessed that Iran possessed the largest missile and UAV stockpiles in the region. Estimates of its ballistic missile arsenal varied widely, from around 2,500 to as many as 6,000 missiles before the 2026 war, reflecting both the scale of the arsenal and the difficulty of assessing it from outside. During the war, US and Israeli officials repeatedly claimed that Iran’s missile capacity had been heavily degraded, with Trump saying Tehran was “running out” of weapons and launchers. Iranian officials dismissed such claims as battlefield propaganda. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmail Baghaei said Iran’s missiles were “only for launch, not for negotiation,” while other senior Iranian figures mocked US claims as delusional.

What is clear is that Iran’s missile power became inseparable from its underground infrastructure. Buried storage sites, tunnel-linked launch systems, and so-called “missile cities” became part of a survivability strategy designed to protect Iran’s deterrent force from enemy attack and preserve its ability to retaliate under pressure.

The Rise of Iran’s Drone Arsenal

Drones became the second major pillar of Iran’s strike complex, giving Tehran a flexible tool for surveillance, battlefield pressure, and long-range retaliation. The country’s UAV program began from wartime reconnaissance needs, then expanded into long-endurance platforms, armed drones, stealth-inspired systems, and low-cost one-way attack drones. The Karrar drone, unveiled in 2010, was an early symbolic milestone in Iran’s move toward domestic drone production, showing that UAVs were becoming part of the country’s broader deterrence architecture. More operationally significant was the Shahed-129, unveiled in 2012 as a long-range reconnaissance and strike UAV capable of carrying precision munitions, giving Iran persistent aerial capability without dependence on costly manned aircraft.

The 2011 capture of a US RQ-170 Sentinel drone became a major reverse-engineering landmark. Iran later displayed systems modeled on the captured aircraft, including the Saeqeh and Shahed-191 family. These platforms reflected Tehran’s ability to absorb, adapt, and repurpose captured or commercially available technology under sanctions, turning enemy systems into sources of learning and domestic innovation.

The Shahed-131 and  Shahed-136 one-way attack drones became the most internationally recognized Iranian UAVs. Their significance lies in the combination of range, affordability, mass production, and operational usefulness. Built through cost-effective engineering and adaptable technology, the Shahed-136 became a weapon suited for saturation attacks and long-range pressure against fixed targets. Its impact also came from the economic imbalance it created, forcing adversaries to use far more expensive air-defense systems against comparatively low-cost drones. Its use in regional operations and later in Ukraine made it a symbol of Iran’s sanctions-era defense model: resilient, scalable, and difficult for adversaries to counter economically.

Space Sovereignty and Strategic Science

Iran’s space program developed alongside its missile and drone capabilities and became another symbol of national sovereignty. In 2009, Iran successfully launched the Omid satellite using the Safir launcher, becoming one of the few states to place a domestically built satellite into orbit on a domestically built rocket. The achievement marked Iran’s entry into the ranks of countries with sovereign satellite-launch capability and gave Tehran a powerful scientific and political symbol of self-reliance under pressure.

The larger Simorgh launcher followed as Iran sought to move beyond small satellite missions and develop heavier, more complex launch capacity. After facing setbacks, Simorgh achieved important milestones in 2024, including a three-satellite launch in January and a record payload mission later that year, when Iran placed its heaviest-ever payload into orbit. These advances showed that Tehran’s space program was not limited to symbolic launches, but was steadily building the technical foundation for more advanced orbital operations.

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps also developed a separate military space track. In 2020, the IRGC used the Qased launcher to place Noor-1 into orbit, Iran’s first military satellite, followed by later Noor satellites that showed continuity in the program. By 2024, the all-solid Qaem-100 launcher had placed satellites into higher orbits, including Sorayya and Chamran-1, with missions linked to testing orbital maneuvering, propulsion, and navigation technologies.

The Nuclear File: Civilian Progress under Pressure

The nuclear file followed a more contested but equally central path, combining civilian energy ambitions, scientific advancement, and Iran’s insistence on its sovereign right to nuclear technology. On the civilian side, Bushehr-1 became Iran’s first operational nuclear power reactor, reaching first criticality in 2011, connecting to the national grid later that year, and entering commercial operation in 2013. Bushehr-2 began construction in 2019, showing that Iran intended to continue expanding civilian nuclear power despite sanctions, political pressure, and repeated efforts to obstruct its nuclear development.

The enrichment and safeguards track became more contentious after the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Under the agreement, Iran accepted limits on enrichment and expanded IAEA monitoring in exchange for sanctions relief. However, after the United States unilaterally withdrew from the deal in 2018 and reimposed sanctions, Iran gradually stepped away from its commitments, arguing that the other side had failed to uphold the bargain. By February 2021, Tehran had stopped fully implementing JCPOA-related measures, including the Additional Protocol.

Iran resumed 20% enrichment at Fordow in 2021 and later moved to 60% enrichment after sabotage, pressure, and the collapse of the JCPOA framework. By the mid-2020s, it had accumulated a stockpile that the IAEA described as unprecedented for a non-nuclear-weapon state. At the same time, the IAEA continued to say it had no credible indication of a coordinated nuclear weapons program. For Tehran, the nuclear program remained tied to sovereignty, energy security, medical and scientific development, and resistance to external dictates, even as Western states continued to frame it through suspicion and pressure.

Science, Innovation, and Knowledge-Based Growth

Beyond the military and nuclear sectors, the Khamenei era also saw a major state push into science, technology, and knowledge-based economic growth. Iran expanded universities, science parks, incubators, accelerators, innovation centers, and knowledge-based firms, turning scientific self-reliance into a state priority. Official Iranian figures listed more than 9,500 knowledge-based firms by 2024, alongside hundreds of creative companies, innovation centers, and accelerators operating in fields such as information technology, biotechnology, advanced materials, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and industrial machinery. WIPO placed Iran 70th in the 2025 Global Innovation Index, showing that the country remained a meaningful innovation actor despite decades of sanctions and restrictions, particularly in knowledge and technology outputs.

Nanotechnology was one of the clearest success stories. Iran became one of the world’s leading producers of nanotechnology research, ranking sixth globally in nano-publication output based on 2024 data reported in 2025. It also performed strongly in nano publications relative to GDP and in national nanotechnology standards. This reflected years of policy focus, specialized planning, domestic commercialization efforts, and state-backed research priorities that helped move nanotechnology from laboratories into industrial and medical applications.

Biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and stem-cell research also became prestige fields. UNESCO data showed Iranian biotech companies growing sharply between 2015 and 2018, while Iran’s pharmaceutical sector expanded domestic production and reduced reliance on foreign suppliers. Sayyed Khamenei repeatedly cited stem-cell work, vaccines, satellites, nuclear technology, drones, and missiles as symbols of national dignity and independence. His role was not that of a technical manager, but of a political patron who provided ideological cover and strategic continuity for long-term investment in self-reliance, allowing scientific advancement to become part of Iran’s broader resistance economy.

Sanctions Forged Iran's Technological Sovereignty

The overall verdict is that Iran under Sayyed Khamenei developed a durable model of technological power under constraint. Sanctions raised costs, restricted access to advanced components, and forced reliance on alternative procurement networks. Yet they also pushed Iran toward domestic substitution, reverse engineering, distributed production, and asymmetric systems. What was intended to weaken Iran instead helped entrench a doctrine of self-sufficiency.

Between 1989 and 2026, Iran moved from postwar vulnerability and import dependence to a state capable of producing missiles, drones, satellites, nuclear fuel-cycle infrastructure, and selected advanced technologies under sustained pressure. That transformation became one of the defining legacies of the Khamenei era: a strategic doctrine built around self-sufficiency, survivability, deterrence, and the belief that technological independence is inseparable from political sovereignty.

Under Sayyed Khamenei’s auspices, Iran did not merely survive decades of sanctions, threats, assassinations, sabotage, and war. It converted pressure into a state project of resistance and national advancement, making military deterrence, scientific progress, and technological independence central pillars of the Islamic Republic’s rise.

US Failed to Intercept all Recent Iranian Strikes on Bases: WSJ

By Al Mayadeen English

9 Jul 2026 23:01

US and allied defenses did not intercept all recent Iranian strikes on bases in Kuwait and Bahrain, WSJ reports, amid a pattern of downplayed damage.

US and allied defenses failed to intercept every recent Iranian strike on US military installations in Kuwait and Bahrain, according to a Wall Street Journal report published Thursday that cited US officials.

The report also claimed that the strikes resulted in no casualties and caused only limited damage.

Nonetheless, the reported gaps in interception fit a broader pattern seen throughout the war, where initial statements from Washington and host governments have often minimized damage from Iranian strikes, only for commercial satellite imagery to later tell a different story.

Outlets including the New York Times, ABC News, and BBC Verify have documented impact craters and damaged infrastructure at Gulf facilities following strikes officials had initially called contained, including at Bahrain's Fifth Fleet headquarters and Jebel Ali port in the UAE.

Separate investigations comparing Iranian-released satellite imagery with independent Western sources found the destruction across roughly 18 sites in seven host countries to be genuine and consistent with Iran's claims, undercutting claims that Tehran's imagery was propaganda.

Largest round of US attacks since signing MoU

The latest developments follow what Al Mayadeen's correspondent in Tehran described as the largest US military assault on Iran since the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between Washington and Tehran. US bombardment reached five Iranian provinces over two days, killing 14 people and wounding 78 others, according to figures released by Iran's Ministry of Health.

In response, Iran's Islamic Revolution Guard Corps (IRGC) launched a multi-phase retaliation. The first phase involved a joint strike by IRGC naval and aerospace forces just hours after the US attacks, targeting infrastructure at four bases: Camp Arifjan and Ali Al Salem in Kuwait, and Juffair and Sheikh Isa Air Base in Bahrain.

The IRGC later announced a second phase of retaliation, revealing it had used 10 ballistic missiles to destroy a US command and control center in West Asia along with the Muwaffaq Salti Air Base in Jordan. Jordanian authorities had reported air raid sirens across the country after detecting Iranian missiles in its airspace, while the US Embassy in Amman urged American citizens to shelter in place.

In its statement, the IRGC warned that any repeat of US aggression would draw an even wider response, cautioning that no US base in the region would be spared. It reiterated that Iran had long warned that any attack on its territory would trigger an immediate and expanded retaliation.

Lavrov: Resolution to Iran War Must Reflect Interests of all Parties

By Al Mayadeen English

9 Jul 2026 22:17

Russia's Lavrov says resolving the US war on Iran requires an agreement serving all parties, as he wraps an Africa tour in Mozambique.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said on Thursday that the US war on Iran, and its fallout across the Strait of Hormuz and the wider Gulf region, can only be resolved through an agreement that reflects the interests of all parties affected, not just the US or Iran.

"We have a common position on the events around Iran, in the Strait of Hormuz and, more broadly, in the Persian Gulf. We proceed from the fact that, of course, this conflict needs to be resolved. And it can only be completed by an agreement that reflects the interests of all parties. Not only Iran, its neighbors, the United States, but all countries that in one way or another suffer from the negative impact on the global economy from the current situation," Lavrov said.

He made the remarks to reporters in Maputo, Mozambique, during the final stop of a multi-country tour across Africa.

Russia offers Mozambique counterterrorism support

While in Maputo, Lavrov said Russia is ready to help Mozambique deal with the ongoing "terrorist threat" in the north of the country. Citing Lavrov, Russia's TASS reported that Moscow is prepared to respond to Mozambique's request for support in "eliminating the ongoing terrorist threat in the north of the country."

Mozambican forces have spent years fighting militants in the country's northern regions, a conflict that has disrupted local stability and put pressure on major investment projects in areas rich in natural resources.

Lavrov's offer fits into a broader pattern of Russia deepening its security footprint across Africa, including through the deployment of the Africa Corps.

What brings Lavrov to Africa?

Mozambique was the last leg of a tour that also took Lavrov to Ethiopia and Niger, part of a wider Russian push to build political, economic, and security ties across the continent.

The trip began in Addis Ababa, where Lavrov met with Ethiopian officials to discuss trade and economic cooperation, along with plans for a nuclear power plant in the country.

He also met with African Union Commission Chairperson Mahmoud Ali Youssouf, and the two sides agreed to deepen coordination on security issues in the Sahel, the Horn of Africa, Sudan, South Sudan, and Libya. They also discussed preparations for the third Russia-Africa Summit, set to take place in Moscow on October 28 and 29, 2026.

From Ethiopia, Lavrov traveled to Niamey, Niger, for a second round of ministerial talks with the Alliance of Sahel States, a bloc made up of Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger. There, he said Russia wants to support the bloc's integration efforts and security priorities, framing the cooperation as part of a shared push toward a multipolar world order and against "neo-colonial practices."

He met separately with the foreign ministers of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, and was received by Niger's President Abdourahamane Tiani. President Vladimir Putin has invited the leaders of all three countries to the upcoming summit in Moscow.

Russia has ties with Mozambique going back to Soviet support for the country's liberation movement, and the two countries already cooperate on security, energy, and education.

'Israel' Voices Alarm over Turkish Space, Missile Ambitions in Somalia

By Al Mayadeen English

Source: Israeli media

8 Jul 2026 22:22

"Israel" is reportedly rattled by Turkey's growing presence in Somalia, including a project combining a satellite launch site with ballistic missile testing.

Israeli media revealed unease in Tel Aviv over a Turkish-led project in central Somalia combining a satellite launch facility with a testing ground for long-range ballistic missiles.

Israeli commentary frames the site as a "strategic threat", arguing that it would extend Ankara's reach in space and high-altitude technology, as reported by The Jerusalem Post. Construction tied to the facility's infrastructure has reportedly intensified fears in Israeli circles.

The project builds on 15 years of Turkish political, military, and economic engagement with Somalia under Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, deepening cooperation with Mogadishu across security, defense, oil, and development.

Alongside the launch site, Turkey is also said to be advancing a new airport and a separate facility linked to lunar-related launches.

Netanyahu concerned over potential F-35 sale to Turkey

Speaking to CNN earlier this week, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu claimed that a prospective US sale of F-35 stealth fighter jets to Turkey would unsettle the regional balance of power, alleging that Ankara's ambitions are "aggressive" and cautioning that arming Turkey would invite further assertiveness.

He has repeatedly pressed Washington against the sale, fearing it would erode Israeli air superiority, while positioning "Israel" as a reliable US partner against Iran in contrast to Turkey.

Netanyahu further described Erdogan as someone who calls for "Israel's" destruction and characterized the Turkish government as shaped by Muslim Brotherhood influence.

UAE-backed Berbera base tied to US-Israeli interests

A Le Monde investigation revealed that military construction at Berbera Airport in Somaliland, underway since October 2025, appears to go beyond the site's stated civilian purpose, with satellite imagery showing a military installation taking shape near the southern approach to the Red Sea.

The UAE-backed project ultimately serves Washington and Tel Aviv's strategic interests, given Berbera's position near the Bab al-Mandab Strait, a corridor central to Asia-Europe trade and energy flows, the outlet's sources said.

Dubai's DP World has operated the port commercially for years; the infrastructure was also used to support the UAE's role in the war on Yemen before it scaled back its presence there, as per Le Monde. The airport expansion is said to serve US and Israeli operational needs, the report added.

Israeli intelligence shipment sent to Mogadishu

Meanwhile, a 1,000-kilogram shipment left Tel Aviv for Mogadishu via Nairobi, arriving on June 21 and registered as bound for a UN office, Al Mayadeen reported, citing senior regional strategic sources. The cargo was an advanced military and intelligence communications system supplied by Mer Security and Communications, a firm based in Or Yehuda, the sources said.

Ansar Allah leader Sayyed Abdul-Malik al-Houthi responded on June 25, vowing the movement would act against Israeli activity on Somali soil at any time. He described Israeli moves in Somalia as an attempt to dominate the Gulf of Aden and Bab al-Mandab, calling on regional states to unite against it.

Ethiopian Federal Police, IGAD Forge Strategic Partnership to Cement Regional Security

Addis Ababa, July 9, 2026 (ENA) —The Ethiopian Federal Police and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) signed a landmark MoU aimed at deepening regional security cooperation across the Horn of Africa.

The Memorandum of Understanding was signed in Sandafa, on the outskirts of Addis Ababa, by Ethiopian Federal Police Commissioner General Demelash Gebremichael and IGAD Executive Secretary Dr. Workneh Gebeyehu.

Speaking at the signing ceremony, Commissioner General Demelash said the partnership marks a significant step toward reinforcing regional peace and security.

 Demelash noted that the agreement would enable Ethiopia to share the expertise and institutional experience gained through its recent police reforms with fellow IGAD member states.

He stated that the agreement places the long-established Ethiopian Police University at the center of regional capacity-building efforts, providing specialized training, research, and joint academic programs for law enforcement personnel across the region.

"The primary objective of this partnership is to promote regional peace and security by strengthening the professional capacity of law enforcement institutions through training, research, and collaborative studies," he said.

According to the Commissioner General, the MoU also establishes a framework for enhanced institutional cooperation and community policing.

Demelash expressed hope that the agreement would enhance collaborative research and intelligence-sharing to better address terrorism, organized crime, and other cross-border security challenges.

On his part, IGAD Executive Secretary Workneh Gebeyehu hailed the Ethiopian Federal Police for its ongoing institutional transformation.

He described the agreement as a major milestone in advancing regional integration through enhanced security cooperation.

"This partnership will provide law enforcement officers across the IGAD region with access to world-class forensic training, marking a strategic shift toward utilizing regional expertise to strengthen our collective security frameworks," he said.

Workneh added that investing in regional knowledge, professional training, and institutional collaboration is essential to addressing the increasingly complex security challenges facing the Horn of Africa.

The President of the Ethiopian Police University, Tamrat Mulugeta, said the agreement will significantly enhance the professional capacity of regional security institutions by facilitating joint training programs, collaborative research, and the modernization of information-sharing systems.

The partnership is expected to strengthen cooperation among IGAD member states, improve institutional resilience, and support coordinated responses to emerging security challenges, reinforcing regional efforts to promote lasting peace, stability, and sustainable development.

Participants Arrive in Addis Ahead of Ethiopia's Main National Dialogue Forum

Addis Ababa, July 8, 2026 (ENA) —Thousands of participants from across Ethiopia and the diaspora have begun arriving in Addis Ababa ahead of the country's main National Dialogue forum. 

The dialogue which will officially open on July 15 at the Addis International Convention Center and is expected to run for about three to four weeks.

The National Dialogue process, launched to build consensus on key national issues, has now entered its final and most decisive stage.

Around 4,000 deliberators representing communities from across the country and the Ethiopian diaspora will take part in discussions on eight major national agenda items, with the aim of identifying lasting solutions through broad based dialogue.

In a press briefing, Reta Gera, emphasized that the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission's coordinator for regions, city administrations and the diaspora, said diaspora representatives from the United Arab Emirates, the United States, the United Kingdom and Sweden have already arrived in Addis Ababa. 

Participants from South Africa are expected to arrive on July 12, 2026.

Before the official opening of the conference, Participants will participate in guided visits to historical landmarks in the capital on July 9 and 10, 2026, Reta said, adding that the tours, organized by the Addis Ababa City Administration, include the Adwa Victory Memorial Museum and the Red Terror Martyrs' Memorial Museum.

The commission said participants will be accommodated at the Ethiopian Public Service University and other designated facilities. Comprehensive support services have been arranged, including transportation, healthcare, meals, childcare and other essential amenities.

Special arrangements have also been made to ensure accessibility and provide additional support for participants with disabilities and others requiring special assistance.

Earlier, Chief Commissioner Prof. Mesfin Araya announced that all preparations for the main conference had been completed.

The conference will officially open at the Addis International Convention Center on July 15 and is expected to continue for between 22 and 30 days.

Ethiopia: Tigray Stakeholders Call for End to Forced Conscription, Reaffirm Commitment to Peace Recovery

Addis Ababa, July 8, 2026 (ENA)—Participants at a forum on "Peace, Democracy, and Development in Tigray: The Role of Media and Social Activists" have called for the immediate end of the ongoing forced military conscription in the region.

The participants further warned that any return to armed conflict would trigger another devastating humanitarian catastrophe.

The forum, held in Addis Ababa, brought together media professionals, social activists, and other stakeholders from Ethiopia's Tigray Region. 

At the conclusion of the meeting, participants adopted a joint communiqué reaffirming their commitment to peace, constitutional order, democratic dialogue, and the protection of civilians.

In the communiqué sent to ENA, participants said the people of Tigray continue to endure the long-lasting consequences of war, including displacement, economic hardship, institutional disruption, and humanitarian challenges.

They stressed that peace in the region remains fragile and cautioned that renewed hostilities would have devastating consequences not only for Tigray but also for Ethiopia and the wider Horn of Africa.

"The immense suffering endured by mothers, fathers, youth, children, displaced families, war-disabled citizens, unemployed graduates, farmers, civil servants, and other vulnerable members of society must never be repeated," the communiqué stated.

The participants emphasized that no political objective can justify renewed violence, forced mobilization, hate speech, intimidation, or the suppression of peaceful voices. They also underscored that the dignity, security and future of the people must remain above political rivalries or military ambitions.

The forum expressed particular concern over reports of the abduction and forced military recruitment of young people in parts of Tigray, describing such practices as unacceptable and calling for their immediate cessation.

Recalled that from the United States’ decision to impose targeted visa restrictions on defunct TPLF members and their families to Human Rights Watch’s strong condemnation of alleged forced conscription in Tigray, the international message is increasingly unified. 

According to the communiqué, forced conscription lacks both legal and moral justification and risks exposing another generation to the devastating human cost of conflict. 

Participants pledged to use their professional platforms and social media engagement to oppose forced recruitment and amplify the voices of civilians advocating for peace.

The communiqué also called on media institutions, journalists, editors, broadcasters, digital content creators, and social activists to reject hate speech, disinformation, inflammatory propaganda, and narratives that incite violence or militarization.

Instead, participants urged the media to uphold professional and responsible journalism by promoting factual reporting.

They also underscored the importance of promoting constitutional order, constructive public discourse, and public-interest reporting focused on humanitarian recovery, food security, livelihood restoration, access to healthcare and education and among others.

Political leaders in Tigray were likewise urged to place the welfare and future of the people above partisan interests by resolving differences through peaceful dialogue, constitutional processes, and inclusive civic engagement.

The communiqué further appealed to the Federal Government to continue utilizing constitutional, political, humanitarian, and administrative mechanisms to prevent renewed conflict, protect civilians, facilitate the implementation of existing peace commitments, expand humanitarian assistance, restore essential public services, and create conditions for peaceful and lawful governance in the region.

The participants also called for intensified efforts to strengthen food security, support the safe resettlement of internally displaced persons, protect young people from renewed military mobilization, and accelerate sustainable recovery.

In addition, the forum appealed to development partners, humanitarian organizations, religious institutions, community elders, women and youth groups, civil society organizations, and the wider Ethiopian public to support peacebuilding, humanitarian recovery, institutional normalization, and long-term development in Tigray.

Concluding their deliberations, participants reaffirmed that lasting peace requires justice, accountable leadership, democratic dialogue, and respect for human dignity. 

They pledged to promote peace-oriented journalism, fact-based reporting, civic education, and responsible communication while rejecting narratives that normalize war, forced conscription, hate speech, and political intimidation.

The communiqué concluded with a collective appeal affirming that the people of Tigray deserve peace, security, justice, development, and hope, while urging all responsible institutions to act decisively to prevent a return to conflict and end the suffering of civilians.

Ethiopia: Forced Conscription, Abductions Signal Total Loss of Acceptance for Illegal TPLF Faction: Media Professionals

Addis Ababa, July 8, 2026 (ENA) — The forced conscription and abduction campaigns orchestrated by the illegal TPLF faction signal a total collapse of acceptance for the group, media professionals remarked.

Journalists disclosed that forced roundups and kidnappings targeting civilians continue to escalate across the Tigray region, driven by personal gains seeking to secure narrow personal interests and agendas.

The practice has met with stiff public resistance, proving that the regional community has completely withdrawn any lingering support for these actors, they added.

Among those who shared their views with ENA, Awramba Times journalist Dawit Kebede explained that the individuals executing these operations are deeply entangled in lucrative personal interests linked to the gold and mineral trade.

To safeguard these economic benefits, they are using the pretext of facilitating the return of internally displaced persons (IDPs) as a political smokescreen, Dawit noted.

"I do not believe they care about the public for even a split second," Dawit asserted, adding that their current maneuvers have been roundly rejected by the community.

Consequent to this loss of popular legitimacy, they have resorted to violence, aggressively rounding up youth and forcing them into training camps.

The journalist further detailed that the situation has deteriorated to the point where public transport buses are being intercepted to pull young people off the streets, describing the trend as profoundly tragic.

Similarly, journalist Hermon Fekadu strongly condemned the ongoing operations being carried out by extremist TPLF leaders and destructive elements.

In this day and age, abducting and conscripting citizens by force to fulfill the propaganda desires  is utterly unacceptable and constitutes a highly deplorable act, she noted.

Underscoring the gravity of the abuse, Hermon remarked that it defies reason to fathom what objective could possibly justify kidnapping human beings, calling the practice a primitive mindset and a severe crime.

The Public Relations Head of the Tinsae Seb'a Enderta Party, Abraham Tsige, stated that the group has failed to learn from its past blunders. He noted that because the public has firmly declared "enough is enough" and refused to be dragged into another disaster, the faction’s political relevance has entirely expired.

Abraham pointed out that the current reliance on coercive tactics is a direct symptom of their total alienation from the population, proving that the public has completely disowned them.

The official concluded that while the faction had long been losing its grip on the people of Tigray, the current crisis marks the final and absolute demise of their acceptance within the region.

Ethiopia's Healthcare Service Delivery Capacity Transitions to Advanced Level: PM Abiy

Addis Ababa, July 7, 2026 — Domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing capacity has witnessed a monumental surge, rising from a mere 4 percent to the current 44 percent, PM Abiy revealed today.

He added that a substantial investment of 70 billion Birr was allocated for medicine procurement and over 60 billion Birr expended on medical equipment as part of concrete efforts to enhance service quality and expand healthcare accessibility.

The inauguration of several state-of-the-art hospitals over the past few months, coupled with additional facilities slated for opening in the coming months, serves as a clear indicators of the historic leap taking place within the health sector, PM Abiy elaborated.

As a prime example of targeted infrastructural development, he cited the construction of the new wing at St. Paul’s Hospital, which effectively expanded the institution's capacity by an additional 1,000 beds.

 Deliberate measures are also being enacted to ensure locally manufactured pharmaceuticals rigorously adhere to world-class standards, gaining global acceptance, according to the Prime Minister.

He reaffirmed the government's long-term commitment to constructing premium and advanced hospital complexes that mirror the standards in developed nations within Ethiopia.

Turning to preventative public health, the PM stated that through a well-coordinated malaria reduction campaign, 14 million insecticide-treated bed nets were distributed, and indoor residual spraying programs were completed across 3 million households.

Furthermore, routine immunization programs were successfully rolled out for the first time in 58 woredas that historically lacked access to vaccination services.

The government's overarching interventions to unlock advanced clinical potential and build foundational health infrastructure have yielded highly encouraging and tangible achievements across the country, the premier concluded.

Ethiopia Urges Action to Build a Stronger, Future-Ready African Health Workforce

Addis Ababa, July 9, 2026 (ENA) —Ethiopia called on African to transform commitments made at the MedEdAfrica 2026 Conference into concrete action to build a resilient and future-ready health workforce capable of meeting the continent's evolving healthcare needs.

Speaking at the closing of the three-day MedEdAfrica 2026 Conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopian State Minister of Health Sahrela Abdullahi stressed that Africa must accelerate reforms in medical education.

She particularly emphasized the need to embrace innovation, digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and African-led solutions to build stronger, more resilient healthcare systems across the continent.

Held under the theme, "Preparing the African Health Workforce for an Uncertain Future: Harnessing Partnerships, Technology, Innovation and Leadership," the conference brought together health ministers, medical educators, researchers, policymakers, and students from across the continent to chart a common path toward advancing medical education in Africa.

Addressing delegates, Sahrela urged participants to ensure that the ideas and commitments made during the conference are translated into practical reforms within their institutions, ministries, and professional associations.

"We should take the ideas and commitments discussed during the gathering back to our institutions, ministries, and professional associations and ensure they lead to tangible results," she said.

The state minister noted that the conference fostered a shared understanding of Africa's most pressing health workforce challenges, including critical shortages of healthcare professionals, their uneven distribution across countries and regions, and persistent gaps between medical education and the changing demands of health systems.

She underscored that addressing these challenges requires stronger African ownership, expanded regional collaboration, greater investment in innovation, and among others. 

Most importantly, the integration of digital technologies and artificial intelligence into medical training to prepare the next generation of healthcare professionals, according to Sahrela.

Highlighting Ethiopia's experience, Sahrela said the country has significantly expanded specialty medical training while providing educational opportunities for students from neighboring African countries.

She also pledged to reinforce her country’s  commitment to strengthening the continent's healthcare capacity through regional cooperation.

President of the Consortium of Medical Schools in Africa (COMS-A), Lionel Green-Thompson, said the conference reinforced collaboration among Africa's medical schools by creating a platform for institutions to exchange experiences and develop innovative approaches to producing highly skilled, adaptable, and competent health professionals.

According to him, discussions centered on leveraging technology, strengthening ethics in medical practice, promoting competency-based education, and expanding partnerships among African medical institutions.

Participants also commended Ethiopia for hosting the continental gathering, describing the country's continued investment in medical education and healthcare development as an important model for other African nations.

They emphasized that the conference's lasting impact will depend on sustained implementation of the recommendations and commitments agreed upon in Addis Ababa.

As part of the closing program, delegates visited the Adwa Victory Memorial Museum and Addis Ababa's river corridor development projects, providing participants with firsthand insight into Ethiopia's historical legacy and ongoing urban transformation initiatives.

PM Abiy Holds High-Level Talks with Russian FM Lavrov on Strategic Cooperation

Addis Ababa, July 7, 2026 (ENA) —Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed held talks with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov this evening, reaffirming the longstanding partnership between Ethiopia and Russia while exploring new avenues to deepen bilateral cooperation.

The meeting focused on strengthening bilateral relations and identifying new opportunities for collaboration across areas of mutual interest.

"It was a pleasure to meet with Sergey Lavrov, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, and his delegation this evening, during which our discussions focused on bilateral relations and exploring new opportunities for cooperation," Prime Minister Abiy said following the meeting.

Lavrov arrived in Addis Ababa on Monday for an official working visit, underscoring the growing diplomatic engagement between Ethiopia and Russia at a time of shifting global geopolitical dynamics.

During his visit, the Russian foreign minister is holding a series of high-level meetings aimed at enhancing political dialogue, expanding trade and economic ties, and strengthening cooperation on regional, continental, and international issues of shared interest.

Earlier on Tuesday, Ethiopia's Foreign Minister Gedion Timothewos also held official talks with Lavrov, where the two sides reviewed the current state of bilateral relations and discussed ways to broaden cooperation across key sectors.

Speaking after the meeting, Gedion emphasized that the enduring friendship between Ethiopia and Russia spans generations and continues to provide a solid foundation for the steady growth of bilateral ties.

IRGC: First Stage Response Targets US Bases in Kuwait, Bahrain

By Al Mayadeen English

Source: IRGC Public Relations

The IRGC says it launched missile and drone strikes targeting key US military facilities in Kuwait and Bahrain in response to American attacks on Iran.

Iran's Islamic Revolution Guard Corps (IRGC) announced that its naval and aerospace forces carried out a joint missile and drone operation targeting key infrastructure and facilities at US military bases in Kuwait and Bahrain.

In a statement issued by the IRGC Public Relations Office, the force said the operation was conducted as the first stage of its response to US violations of commitments and aggression against Iran.

The statement said the strikes targeted US bases in Kuwait, including Arifjan and Ali al-Salem, as well as facilities in Bahrain, including Juffair and Sheikh Isa.

The IRGC warned that if US aggression continues, its responses would expand to other American bases across the region.

IRGC cites US attacks on Iran as trigger for operation

The IRGC statement came after the United States launched a new wave of attacks against Iran, targeting multiple locations across the country.

Al Mayadeen's correspondent in Tehran reported that the latest US aggression was the largest against Iran since the signing of the memorandum of understanding, with the heaviest strikes targeting Chabahar Port in southern Iran.

Iranian reports said US attacks struck civilian infrastructure, including Chabahar Port, where two maritime piers and a navigation control tower were targeted. Shrapnel from US projectiles also struck Imam Ali Hospital in Chabahar.

Additional strikes were reported in Bushehr Province, Sirik, Jask, Abu Musa Island, and transport infrastructure in northern Iran.

The IRGC said the US attacks also targeted two bridges in eastern provinces leading toward Mashhad, accusing Washington of attempting to overshadow the funeral procession and farewell ceremonies for Iran's martyred leader.

US bases targeted after Iranian warnings of retaliation

The IRGC said the operation against US facilities was carried out hours after the American attacks and represented the first stage of Iran's response.

The announcement followed earlier reports of explosions near US military facilities in Bahrain and Kuwait.

Mehr News Agency reported that loud explosions were heard near the headquarters of the US Navy's Fifth Fleet in Bahrain, while Tasnim News Agency reported that powerful blasts shook US military bases in Kuwait.

Iranian media also reported the activation of sirens at Jordan's Muwaffaq Salti Air Base, where US forces are stationed.

Regional escalation continues

The IRGC operation follows repeated warnings from Iranian officials that US attacks would be met with a decisive response.

Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf said Washington must understand that "bullying and reneging on commitments are no longer without consequences," warning, "If you strike, you will be struck back."

He also said the Strait of Hormuz would only be opened through "Iranian arrangements," not through US threats.

The escalation comes after a US official told CNN that the ceasefire with Iran had "at least temporarily ceased," adding that further strikes had not been ruled out.

Iran Responds to US Aggression, Explosions Reported in the Gulf

By Al Mayadeen English

Iran begins response to US attacks with reported ballistic missile campaign targeting US-linked sites in Qatar and Bahrain as Gulf tensions escalate.

Iran has begun its response to the latest US aggression, with Iran's Fars News Agency reporting that a ballistic missile campaign has targeted US-linked sites in Qatar and Bahrain.

Meanwhile, Mehr News Agency reported that loud explosions were heard near the headquarters of the US Navy's Fifth Fleet in Bahrain, with reports indicating that a large fire had started in the base. Iran's Tasnim News Agency reported that powerful blasts shook US military bases in Kuwait.

Iranian media also reported the activation of sirens at Jordan's Muwaffaq Salti Airbase, where US forces are stationed. 

Around an hour after the initial attacks were reported, Fars News Agency reported that multiple explosions had been heard again at US military bases in Kuwait.

The developments follow Iranian officials' repeated warnings that US attacks against Iran would be met with a decisive response.

Regional alerts activated after Iranian response

The Iranian operation comes after the United States launched a new wave of attacks against Iran, targeting multiple locations across the country.

Al Mayadeen's correspondent in Tehran reported that the latest US aggression was the largest against Iran since the signing of the memorandum of understanding, adding that the heaviest strikes targeted Chabahar Port in southern Iran.

US attacks struck civilian infrastructure, including Chabahar Port, where strikes hit two maritime piers and a navigation control tower, while shrapnel from US projectiles struck Imam Ali Hospital. Attacks were also reported in several other areas, including Bushehr Province, Sirik, Jask, Abu Musa Island, and transport infrastructure in northern Iran.

Following the reported Iranian response, Kuwait activated its air defense systems, while Bahrain activated sirens and reported explosions. Qatar raised its security threat level and urged residents to remain in homes and safe locations.

Washington says ceasefire has “temporarily ceased”

The escalation comes after a US official told CNN that the ceasefire with Iran has "at least temporarily ceased" amid renewed military operations.

The official said the situation remains "very dynamic" and that additional strikes have not been ruled out as Washington monitors developments. The official said the latest US strikes targeted missiles and drones that could threaten US assets, including aircraft carriers, as well as locations near the Strait of Hormuz.

The remarks followed US President Donald Trump's announcement that the memorandum of understanding with Tehran was "over" while stating that talks could continue.

Iran warns of broader response

An informed Iranian security source told Al Mayadeen that Tehran had warned that any attack would be met with an immediate response on a wider scale.

"If Trump wants higher oil prices, we welcome that," the source said following the renewed US attacks.

The source's remarks came as Iranian officials continued warning that aggression against Iran would not go unanswered, with Tehran stressing that it would respond to attacks on its territory.

Ethiopia Faces no Threat from Regional Alliance, PM Abiy Says

8 July 2026

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed speaking before the House of Peoples’ Representatives, on July 7, 2026

July 7, 2026 (ADDIS ABABA) – Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed on Tuesday dismissed concerns over an alleged growing alliance between Eritrea, the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) and Sudan, declaring that the country faces no threat to its sovereignty.

Addressing the House of Peoples’ Representatives during its 30th regular session, Abiy stated that Ethiopia is actively building up its defensive capabilities.

“Let alone Eritrea, the TPLF and Sudan, even if others were added,we do not have an iota of fear regarding Ethiopia’s sovereignty,” Abiy told lawmakers amid applause. “We are building the capacity to defend that. When the time comes, we will make it clear as necessary.”

The prime minister’s remarks follow reports from regional analysts of an unprecedented tactical alignment among the three forces. Observers have drawn parallels to the 1991 coalition that overthrew Ethiopia’s former Marxist Derg regime, though Abiy insisted a similar outcome could not be achieved today.

Tensions in the Horn of Africa have mounted significantly since the start of the year. Relationships between Addis Ababa and its neighbours have deteriorated alongside internal political instability.

Eritrea, whose forces fought alongside the Ethiopian federal military against the TPLF during the civil war, has seen its relations with Addis Ababa break down. Asmara has grown increasingly wary of Ethiopia’s geopolitical ambitions, particularly following statements by Ethiopian officials regarding secured access to a Red Sea port.

Meanwhile, Sudan’s relations with Ethiopia have buckled under the weight of its own internal conflict. The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) have accused Addis Ababa of providing a rear base for the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).In response to alleged Ethiopian drone strikes inside its borders, Sudan recently moved heavy weaponry and troops to Gedaref State, which borders Ethiopia’s volatile western frontier.

Abiy alleged that unnamed external actors are also operating behind the scenes to guide the alliance against Addis Ababa, though he did not identify them.

“We have no fear,” Abiy concluded, reiterating that the federal government remains fully prepared to safeguard national integrity.

Sudan Pound Plunges to Record Low as Dollar Demand Surges

8 July 2026

A 1000 Sudanese pound banknote arranged directly above a 100 US dollar bill.

July 8, 2026 (KHARTOUM) – The Sudanese pound returned to a path of sharp decline against the U.S. dollar during Wednesday’s trading, as the exchange rate in the parallel market reached 5,400 pounds, while gold prices jumped to record levels.

The pound had registered a noticeable improvement over the past few weeks, supported by the Central Bank of Sudan’s continued foreign currency injections to meet import demand.

Traders told Sudan Tribune on Wednesday of a new decline in the pound’s value against a basket of foreign currencies. The dollar rose to 5,400 pounds compared to 5,100 pounds in recent days, while the UAE dirham climbed to 1,530 pounds against 1,490 pounds yesterday.

The traders attributed the rise in foreign currency prices to an increase in government demand for foreign exchange, alongside ongoing demand from broad sectors of merchants, which reflected in the continued depreciation of the pound.

In parallel with the drop in the local currency’s value, the price of gold rose to a record high, with the price of a gram of gold reaching 625,000 pounds.

Meanwhile, Sudanese authorities implemented a new increase in the customs dollar price on Wednesday, making it the second hike in less than a month.

Under the new increase, the customs dollar price rose to 3,743 pounds from 3,517 pounds, representing an increase of about 6.4%.

In contrast, the Central Bank of Sudan reassured importers and banks in a statement issued on Wednesday, confirming its readiness to respond to all requests that meet the approved conditions and regulations.

The bank affirmed its full readiness to continue meeting all requests received through commercial banks, thereby supporting the flow of import operations and meeting the necessary needs of the national economy.

Sudanese Finance Minister Gibril Ibrahim denied last Sunday that Sudan had received any foreign deposit that contributed to the improvement of the exchange rate, stressing that government policies helped achieve a degree of stability.

Ibrahim said in an interview with Sudan TV that the country is facing difficult economic conditions due to the war’s repercussions. He acknowledged that citizens face great suffering, but noted that the government is working to address the economic situation and create alternatives to improve the standard of living.

Sudanese Leader, African Union Envoy Discuss Reopening Khartoum Office

9 July 2026

Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Sovereign Council Chairman met with African Union envoy Mohamed Belaiche in Khartoum on July 8, 2026

July 8, 2026 (KHARTOUM) – Sudan’s Sovereign Council head and army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan held talks on Wednesday with African Union envoy Mohamed Belaiche to discuss peace obstacles and reopening the continental bloc’s liaison office in Khartoum.

The talks, attended by Foreign Minister Mohieddin Salem, took place in Khartoum two weeks after AU Commission Chairperson Mahmoud Ali Youssef called for a rapid assessment of the country’s situation ahead of the office’s reopening.

Belaiche said in a press statement that the meeting reviewed prospects for peace and current challenges, emphasizing the importance of intensifying efforts to overcome these obstacles to achieve security and stability.

The talks were held as part of the AU Commission’s commitment to continue consultations with Sudanese leadership on political and field developments, and to finalize practical arrangements for reopening the liaison office soon, Belaiche added.

He reaffirmed the commission’s commitment to continuing efforts to de-escalate the conflict, calling it an essential step toward achieving a ceasefire.

A ceasefire represents the main entry point for addressing the crisis, alongside advancing an inclusive political process that engages all parties, the envoy said.

The African Union leads conflict resolution efforts within a five-party mechanism that includes the United Nations, the European Union, IGAD, and the Arab League, facilitating meetings with Sudanese forces to launch a political process on future governance.

The mechanism’s efforts enjoy wide international support, especially after political forces reached understandings on the political process, including the formation of a joint committee, though the participation of the Islamic Movement and the “Taasis” coalition remains disputed.

The five-party mechanism is expected to facilitate another round of meetings between political forces by the end of this month.

Belaiche noted that the AU Commission prioritizes a political solution and an inclusive national dialogue, as nation-building relies on national reconciliation, acceptance of others, and peaceful coexistence.

The commission remains committed to supporting Sudan’s unity and national sovereignty while monitoring political, security, and humanitarian developments until security and development are achieved, he added.

He also revealed an upcoming high-level visit by the African Union leadership to Khartoum.

The African Union requires the formation of a civilian government to reinstate Sudan’s membership, which has been suspended since the October 25, 2021, coup.

UN Says Sudan Atrocities Bear ‘Markers of Genocide’ as Inquiry Pivots to El Obeid

9 July 2026

Civilians detained by RSF fighters as they try to escape the besieged city of El Fasher on August 20, 2025.

July 8, 2026 (GENEVA) – Brutal mass killings, systematic abductions, and gang rapes carried out by Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces in the besieged city of El Fasher constitute distinct markers of genocide, a United Nations fact-finding mission said on Wednesday.

The UN independent mission warned that similar patterns of civilian devastation are now emerging in the strategic city of El Obeid, prompting the global body to launch an urgent inquiry into unfolding human rights violations there.

A supplementary report published by the mission detailed fresh evidence of international law violations in El Fasher, including detention, torture, ransom-taking, and the enforced disappearance of civilians.

Mohamed Chande Othman, chair of the fact-finding mission, said the patterns documented in El Fasher, including the encirclement of cities, attacks on infrastructure, and severe restrictions on humanitarian access, serve as a stark warning for other regions.

The U.N. Human Rights Council adopted a resolution without a vote on Monday expressing deep concern over the imminent risk of large-scale atrocities by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces in and around El Obeid.

El Obeid currently houses more than half a million residents alongside over 100,000 internally displaced persons who face escalating insecurity and cuts to essential services.

UN expert member Mona Rishmawi said the international community has a narrow window of opportunity to prevent further atrocity crimes, warning that El Obeid must not become the next crime scene.

The expert panel reiterated its calls for international accountability and urged prompt cooperation with the International Criminal Court to prosecute those responsible for the violence.

The conflict in Sudan broke out in April 2023 between the regular Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, triggering one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises.

Sudanese Army Recaptures Strategic Border Town of Kurmuk

8 July 2026

Sudanese army forces welcomed by the resident in s Kurmuk, Blue Nile region, on July 8, 2026

JULY 8, 2026 (KURMUK) – The Sudanese army on Wednesday recaptured the strategic town of Kurmuk in the Blue Nile region following fierce battles against an alliance of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and a faction of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM-N) led by Abdel Aziz al-Hilu.

The RSF, backed by fighters from the SPLM-N Al-Hilu, had seized control of Kurmuk on March 24 during a large-scale military operation in the border region near Ethiopia.

The Sudanese government previously accused Ethiopia of backing the March assault by allowing drones to launch from Bahir Dar airport in the neighbouring Amhara region. Addis Ababa has rejected those allegations.

Brigadier General Abadi al-Tahir, commander of the army’s Al-Naba al-Yaqeen task force, confirmed the recapture in a video broadcast by pro-army media platforms.

Al-Tahir said the armed forces inflicted heavy losses in lives and equipment on the RSF, forcing the remaining fighters to flee.

Over the past few weeks, the army has launched extensive military operations, securing areas adjacent to Kurmuk and forcing the RSF to retreat.

Kurmuk has long been a major theatre of military operations, frequently changing hands during the decades-long civil war between Khartoum and the SPLM under its late leader, John Garang.

More Than 300 Children Killed or Injured in Sudan War in 6 Months, UNICEF Says

2:54 PM EDT, July 6, 2026

CAIRO (AP) — The war in Sudan has killed or wounded more than 300 children in the last six months, mostly from drone strikes, the U.N. children’s agency said Monday.

The Sudanese military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces have been fighting since April 2023. The war is now concentrated in the Kordofan, Darfur and Blue Nile states, with drone warfare causing 60% of casualties, according to UNICEF.

The U.N., U.S, U.K. and others have expressed alarm about potential atrocities as the RSF and the military fight for control of the strategic city of el-Obeid in North Kordofan.

In Geneva on Monday, the U.N.-backed Human Rights Council approved a measure, brought by five European countries, condemning the escalating violence by the RSF and its allies in and around el-Obeid.

The measure, approved without a vote, also encourages greater support for countries hosting refugees from Sudan and condemns “all forms of external interference” in the war.

The conflict has killed at least 59,000 people, displaced some 13 million and pushed many parts of Sudan into famine. More than 30 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance.

Drone strikes and shelling have targeted civilian infrastructure including schools, markets, fuel and water stations, putting over 500,000 people at risk. Civilians in some areas have faced almost siegelike conditions for over a year.

“Children are being caught in a relentless cycle of violence, displacement and deprivation,” said Sheldon Yett, UNICEF representative for Sudan.

The U.N. called on parties “to protect civilians and civilian infrastructure, allow and facilitate safe, rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access, and take all possible measures to protect children from harm.”

Separately, at least 15 informal miners were killed when a defunct gold mine partly collapsed Monday in the district of Wadi Halfa, close to Sudan’s border with Egypt, authorities said.

Another miner was injured in the collapse of the Mohamed Taqfiq mine, the state-run Sudanese Mineral Resources Co. The company said the miners resumed excavations at the site, although authorities had previously closed it over safety concerns.

Sudan is one of Africa’s top gold producers. It produced 70 tons of gold last year, up from 64 tons in 2024, according to official figures.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining accounts for the majority of gold extracted in the sprawling country, where safety standards are largely ignored.

Collapses are not uncommon in the country. In May, at least seven miners were killed in a mine collapse in the Red Sea province. Thirteen others were killed in another collapse in South Kordofan province in January.

Drone Strikes on Civilian Vehicles Kill at Least 20 in Sudan, Rights Groups Say

This is a locator map for Sudan with its capital, Khartoum. (AP Photo)

By FATMA KHALED

11:40 AM EDT, July 8, 2026

CAIRO (AP) — Drone strikes on civilian vehicles headed to social gatherings in Sudan have killed more than 20 people in recent days, rights groups said, as the use of unmanned aircraft becomes increasingly common in the northeastern African country’s war.

A drone strike on a road west of Omdurman on the outskirts of Khartoum on Tuesday killed 10 civilians, including five women from the same family, as they drove to a wedding, the Sudan Doctors Network said Wednesday. The medical aid group, which has been tracking violence been the military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces throughout the more than three-year war, blamed the attack on the RSF.

The vehicle immediately caught fire after the strike and all 10 people inside died, a witness told The Associated Press, speaking on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals.

The doctors group said the strike “was deliberate and carried out using a guided drone” and called for the international community to pressure RSF leadership to stop targeting civilians.

A separate drone strike on Tuesday hit a transport vehicle near a water facility in the province, killing two people, according to Emergency Lawyers, which tracks violence in Sudan. The previous day, 13 civilians, including five women, were killed when a drone hit their vehicle as they headed to a wedding in al-Shaatout town, in North Kordofan province, Emergency Lawyers said.

“This attack is part of an escalating pattern of drone attacks on civilians as drones continue to fly over the northern parts of the province ... monitoring residents’ movements,” the group said in a statement.

North Kordofan has seen a surge in drone strikes amid international concerns about the RSF closing in on the strategic city of el-Obeid, which is home to the army’s 5th Infantry Division. Drone strikes on the city have destroyed civilian infrastructure, including power facilities and neighborhoods, and targeted bridges and key supply routes, according to the U.N.

The war in Sudan, which started in April 2023 after long-simmering tensions between the army and the RSF, has killed at least 59,000 people, displaced some 13 million and pushed many parts of the country into famine. More than 30 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance.

Kordofan and Darfur have been the epicenters of the war, but heavy fighting also has broken out across the Blue Nile State.

The army said in a statement Wednesday that it had recaptured the strategic border town of Kurmuk in Blue Nile State after heavy fighting with the RSF, claiming the paramilitary withdrew from the area, leaving behind weapons and military vehicles. The Associated Press couldn’t independtly verify the army’s claim.

———

Associated Press writer Yassir Abdalla in Shendi, Sudan, contributed to this report.

FATMA KHALED

Argentina's World Cup Win Over Egypt Overshadowed by VAR Dispute

By Al Mayadeen English

7 Jul 2026 23:46

Egypt's coach accuses FIFA of favoring Messi after a disputed VAR call overturns a goal in Argentina's 3-2 comeback win at the World Cup.

Argentina reached the World Cup quarter-finals with a 3-2 comeback win over Egypt on Tuesday, but the result was overshadowed by a disputed VAR decision that Egyptian officials and players said cost them a historic victory.

Egypt took a 2-0 lead through Yasser Ibrahim and Mostafa Ziko, after Lionel Messi had a first-half penalty saved by goalkeeper Mostafa Shobeir. It was Messi's second missed penalty of the tournament and his fourth in World Cup competition.

Shobeir also denied Alexis Mac Allister and Julian Alvarez from close range as Egypt, playing in their first World Cup knockout match since 1934, threatened to eliminate the defending champions.

Argentina's response came late. Cristian Romero headed in a goal in the 79th minute, Messi equalized from close range four minutes later, and Enzo Fernandez scored a header in stoppage time to complete the turnaround. Argentina will next face the winner of Colombia versus Switzerland.

Disallowed goal becomes flashpoint

The result would have been different, Egyptian players and coaching staff argued, had a VAR review in the 58th minute not overturned a goal that would have put Egypt 2-0 up.

Ziko had converted a breakaway finish, but the goal was disallowed after video review flagged a challenge by Egyptian midfielder Marawan Attia on Argentina's Lisandro Martinez at the opposite end of the pitch, well before the move that led to the goal.

Fox Sports commentator Rob Green criticized the decision on air, saying the review fell outside VAR's intended scope given the distance and timing between the challenge and the goal. He noted that the referee had already seen the incident live and declined to award a foul, meaning the video review reversed an on-field call rather than correcting a missed one.

Egypt did score a second goal shortly after, in the 67th minute, but by then the disallowed goal had already shifted the course of the match.

Egyptian players also protested a penalty claim before Argentina's equalizer, which was not given. A member of Egypt's coaching staff was sent off following Fernandez's winning goal amid further protests.

Egypt's coach accuses FIFA of favoring Messi

Egypt head coach Hossam Hassan was scathing afterward, accusing FIFA and match officials of favoring Messi and Argentina for commercial reasons.

He said the tournament had become driven by marketing interests that would not allow Messi to be eliminated, calling the result unjust and arguing Egypt had outplayed Argentina and deserved to advance.

He added that he would not watch any more matches for the remainder of the tournament in protest, while praising his players as "heroes" for the run they had produced.

Ziko echoed the criticism, describing the officiating as biased and repeatedly calling the result unfair, while "congratulating" Argentina for winning the World Cup in advance.

A historic run ends in frustration

The defeat ended a landmark run for Egypt, whose progress to the knockout stage for the first time ever had drawn wide attention across the country and the region, including public support for Palestine from Hassan following an earlier win over Australia.

The manner of the loss, a two-goal lead surrendered in the final minutes, compounded by the disputed VAR call, left Egyptian fans and officials describing the elimination as undeserved.

Egypt Coach Says 'We Have Suffered Injustice' After Stunning Argentina Comeback

Egypt coach Hossam Hassan claimed his side was denied victory after VAR and refereeing calls went against them.

Egyptian coach Hossam Hassan was fuming after his side's loss to Argentina.

In brief

Egypt were leading 2-0 with 11 minutes to go when reigning champions Argentina staged a late comeback.

Egyptian coach Hossam Hassan said his side were "cheated" out of a win after VAR and referees' calls went against his side.

Egyptian coach Hossam Hassan has said his side were "cheated" out of a spot in the World Cup quarter-finals after Argentina staged a stunning late comeback from two goals down to win their Round of 16 clash.

The Pharaohs were 2-0 up with 11 minutes left against the reigning champions, on the verge of one of the greatest upsets in World Cup history, only to concede three goals and bow out of the tournament.

At an explosive press conference after the loss, Hassan said: "I do not want to put it nicely and talk about hard luck. We have been cheated unfairly today, we have suffered injustice."

When they were leading 1-0, Egypt had a goal by Mostafa Zico ruled out after VAR spotted a foul on Lisandro Martinez much earlier in the play.

Zico then put Egypt on the brink of a place in the last eight for the first time by doubling their lead in the 67th minute.

Argentina hit back with a goal by Cristian Romero in the 79th minute, followed by an equaliser by Lionel Messi, who had a first-half penalty saved. It was Messi's eighth goal of the tournament, and he now leads the Golden Boot ladder.

But the controversy did not end there, with Egypt believing they should have been awarded a penalty for a pull by Alexis Mac Allister on Hamdy Fathy in the build-up to Argentina's winner, scored by Enzo Fernández.

"We haven't seen respect or fair play. There has not been respect or fair play," Hassan said.

"A penalty was ruled out, was not even checked by VAR. A second goal was remarkably disallowed. There has not even been a VAR check when we have all seen the image of the [shirt] being pulled back."

Hassan said he would not watch any more matches of the tournament.

"I am not going to continue following the matches of this World Cup, watching the matches of this World Cup," he said.

"This is my own way of speaking up."

'They wanted Messi'

After Yasser Ibrahim's header put Egypt in front, Argentina were awarded a penalty for a trip on Nicolas Tagliafico.

Messi's problems with World Cup penalties continued as his effort was saved by Mostafa Shobeir.

The eight-time Ballon d'Or winner has now failed to score four of his eight non-shootout spot-kicks at the World Cup, including two misses at this tournament.

Hassan speculated that the officials had been put under pressure to keep one of the biggest names in the competition.

"Perhaps they wanted to keep the world champions in the competition. Perhaps they wanted Messi to stay in the running," he told BeIn Sports.

"In football, there are sometimes external factors that go beyond the technical aspects. The world champions received support at every level."

Hassan also complained about the scheduling of the match for a midday kick-off (2am AEST), just four days after both sides had won their Round of 32 matches.

"Whoever schedules those matches has never played football. You never schedule a game for 12pm. At noon you go for a walk or to eat brunch, you do not go to play football.

"When are the players supposed to eat? At 7.30am?

"There have been a lot of things to be questioned on and off the pitch."

The controversy comes a day after USA forward Folarin Balogun was cleared to play in his side's 1-4 loss to Belgium, after his one-game ban was suspended for a year following an intervention by US President Donald Trump.

— With additional reporting by Agence France-Presse.