Mohamed Morsi, candidate for the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP), has been declared the winner of the national run-off presidential elections in the North African state of Egypt. Morsi is a U.S.-educated engineer., a photo by Pan-African News Wire File Photos on Flickr.
July 6, 2012
Egypt’s New Leader Orders Inquiry on Killings of Protesters
By KAREEM FAHIM
New York Times
CAIRO — President Mohamed Morsi of Egypt has appointed a committee to investigate the killing of protesters during and after the uprising early last year, in what appeared to be a strong challenge to the authority of Egypt’s powerful security services.
Mr. Morsi’s decree, which was issued late Thursday and was his 10th in his first week in office, created a 16-member panel to investigate the killing and wounding of “peaceful protesters.” It also ordered state institutions to cooperate with the committee’s work.
Mr. Morsi promised during his campaign to address the revolt’s most painful legacy: the killing of more than 800 protesters during the uprising that led to the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak in February 2011 and the killing of dozens of others during the transitional period that followed. The families of the victims have been angered by a lack of accountability because dozens of police officers have been acquitted after trials for the killings.
The time frame for the committee’s work — from the start of the revolt in January 2011 until the end of last month — seemed to represent an attempt by Mr. Morsi to challenge the generals who ruled Egypt during the transition and have retained broad powers for the military despite the election of a civilian leader. Mr. Morsi’s committee, in theory, has the power to investigate killings that have been attributed to the military and that occurred during protests held months after Mr. Mubarak stepped down.
“This is a chance to start addressing the problems behind the uprising,” said Heba Morayef, the Egypt director for Human Rights Watch, referring to longstanding complaints about police brutality that galvanized the protests. “It’s a chance to finally start addressing the impunity, which remained unbroken by the uprising.”
Though the committee appears to have been given broad powers to investigate the violence, it is not clear that Mr. Morsi will be able to carry out its recommendations, which are supposed to be delivered to him within two months. Of the more than 150 police officers who have been referred to trial by prosecutors since March 2011, only two are serving prison sentences, according to Human Rights Watch, which is tracking the cases.
Most of the other cases have resulted in acquittals or are still pending, the group said.
Mr. Mubarak and his former interior minister, Habib el-Adly, were convicted last month as accessories to murder, but human rights advocates worry that those convictions will be overturned on appeal. Last month, Mr. Mubarak was allowed to leave prison and was sent to a military hospital, after an injury caused by slipping in the bathroom, according to his lawyer.
Holding the military to account will be even harder. Civilian judges in Egypt can call soldiers as witnesses, but only military courts can try them, Ms. Morayef said.
The new committee’s members include judges, doctors, senior security officials and a prosecutor. Members of victims’ families are to be included as observers. Its mandate includes investigating not only the violence against protesters, but also the conduct of government officials during previous investigations, in order to “clarify how cooperative they were to the judicial authorities,” according to the text of the decree.
Mayy El Sheikh contributed reporting.
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